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английский по Skype
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Онлайн-уроки
01.01.2019 — Tenses in English
01.02.2019 — Present Tenses
01.03.2019 — Present Simple
01.04.2019 — Present Continuous
15.04.2019 — Present Perfect
01.05.2019 — Present Perfect Continuous
15.05.2019 — Past Simple
01.06.2019 — Past Continuous
15.06.2019 — Past Perfect
01.07.2019 — Past Perfect Continuous
15.07.2019 — Past Tenses
01.08.2019 — Future Simple
10.08.2019 — Future Continuous
15.08.2019 — Future Perfect
28.08.2019 — Future Perfect Continuous
Формообразование Present Continuous
Present Continuous образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в настоящем времени (am, is, are) и формы причастия настоящего времени (Present Participle) смыслового глагола:
I am working now.
He is listening to music at the moment.
Look! They are playing tennis.
Утверждение: | Отрицание: | Вопрос: | ||
I'm working We're working | I'm not working We aren't working | Am I working? - Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. Are we working? - Yes, we are. / No, we aren't. |
Правописание глаголов с -ing
- если глагол оканчивается на -e, то -e опускается и добавляется -ing:
share - sharing
explore - exploring
type - typing
- если глагол оканчивается на гласную + согласная с ударением на этом слоге, то согласная удваивается и добавляется -ing
begin - beginning
put - putting
run - running
НО: open - opening ( т.к. ударение падает на первый слог)
Случаи употребления Present Continuous
Present Continuous употребляется, когда речь идет о:
1. действиях, происходящих в момент речи (now, at the moment, Look! Listen!) :
She is washing up right now.
They are playing basketball at the moment.
Where is Margaret? - She's having a bath.
Let's go out now. It isn't raining any more.
2. временных ситуациях (today, this month, this year, this week, etc.)
I'm preparing for my exams this month.
She is learning to drive a car this year.
We're redecorating the house this week.
She is working hard today.
3. меняющихся и развивающихся ситуациях (nowadays, these days, etc.):
Her English is getting better and better.
Prices are growing.
The population of the world is rising very fast.
4. запланированных на будущее действиях, особенно когда известно время и место, или что-то было сделано для реализации этого действия (tomorrow, next month, etc.):
What are you doing tomorrow evening? - I'm going to the theatare.
Are you playing football tomorrow? - Yes, but Tom isn't playing. He has heart his leg.
Alex is getting married next month.
5. С такими наречиями, как always, constantly, continually, для выражения эмоционального состояния (часто раздражения) по поводу часто повторяющихся действий:
He's always calling us late at night.
She is constantly interrupting other people.
Глаголы, не употребляющиеся в Continuous \ Stative verbs
1. Глаголы, обозначающие чувства и эмоции: adore, appreciate (= value), detest, dislike, enjoy, forgive, hate, like, loathe, etc.
He hates the show they are watching on TV (not:He is hating)
2. Глаголы, выражающие восприятие: feel, hear, see, smell, taste, etc.
The perfume smells very nice.
Часто с глаголами восприятия используется модальный глагол can / could:
Turn the radio down, please. I can't hear you.
Такие глаголы, как watch, listen, look обозначают намеренные действия и могут использоваться в continuous:
John is watching a football game on TV. He can't see or hear it.
Глаголы feel и hear можно использовать как в continuous, так и в simple:
John feels / is feeling worse today.
3. Глаголы, обозначающие умственные состояния: agree, believe, expect ( = think), see ( = understand), suppose, understand, etc.
I believe he's innocent. (not:I'm believing).
4. Другие глаголы: appear ( = seem), belong, concern, contain, depend on, fit (= be the right shape and size for sth), have ( = possess), know, mean, owe, own, possess, need, prefer, require, want, weigh, keep ( = continue), seem, etc.
He wants some more biscuits. (not:He is wanting.)
Следует помнить, что некоторые глаголы (такие как be, love, see, smell, taste, think, etc.) могут также использоваться и в Continuous, но тогда они приобретают другое значение:
State (глаголы, обозначающие состояние) | Action (глаголы, обозначающие действия) |
1. He thinks he is really clever. (= he believes = Он считает, верит...) | 1. I'm thinking about his offer. (= I'm considering = Я обдумываю...) |
2. What does it taste like? (= What is its flavour? - Как это по вкусу?) | 2. He's tasting the food to see if it's good. (= He is testing the flavour. - Он пробует еду на вкус) |
3. He has two houses. (= He owns, possesses = он владеет, у него есть) | 3. She is having lunch. (= She's eating. - Она обедает) |
4. The silk shirt feels soft. (= It has a soft texture - По ощущениям шелковая рубашка мягкая) | 4. Ann is feeling the cat's fur. (= She is touching it - Она дотрагивается) |
5. Do you see what I mean. (= Do you understand? - Ты понимаешь?) | 5. I'm seeing Paula tonight. (= I'm meeting - "see" в значении встречаться) |
6. Your perfume smells of apples. (= It has the smell - ощущать аромат ) | 6. She is smelling the roses. (= she's trying to smell - "smell" в значении нюхать ) |
7. I love / enjoy good films. (= I like in general) | 7. I'm loving / enjoying the film. (= I like specifically - мне нравится сейчас именно этот фильм) |
8. It looks as if it's going to rain. (= it appears - кажется) | 8. He is looking at the painting. (= he's viewing it) |
9. He appears to be working. (= he seems to be) | 9. The opera singer is appearing on stage tonight. (= he will make an appearance) |
10. The box is heavy. It weighs a lot. (= its weight is - имеет вес) | 10. He is weighing the potatoes on the scale. (= he is finding out the weigh of - взвешивает) |
11. Luciano is naughty. (= His character is bad) | 11. Suzy is being very naughty. (= she is misbehaving - непослушная только сейчас, не всегда) |
12. These shoes fit me perfectly. (= They are the right size - подходят по размеру) | 12. We are fitting a new carpet in the hall. (= laying - примерять; смотреть , подходит ли по размеру) |
Некоторые прилагательные могут использоваться с глаголом to be в continuous: они выражают временные характеристики: careful, foolish, kind, lazy, nice, patient, (im)polite, rude, silly etc.
John is usually careful but today he's being careless.
You're being very foolish. (normally used as a warning).
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